like implementing all logic operators using NAND only
There's a book that teaches you to build a complete computer system using only NAND gates. You start with a simple adder then higher level chips (ALU, RAM), define an ISA, build a simple CPU, an assembly language, a compiler and a high level language. It's The Elements of Computing Systems, By Noam Nisan and Shimon Schocken
See: https://www.nand2tetris.org and https://www.coursera.org/learn/build-a-computer#syllabus
Unfortunately it uses Java, but you could easily follow the course using Lisp. Especially if you've read your SICP including chapter IV and V!